Year: 2023
Authors: GÓMEZ-GONZÁLEZ Emilio; GOMEZ Emilia
This report provides a state of the art of the current and near-future applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medicine, healthcare and well-being, building on previous analyses, and framed in recent historical circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. The present analysis includes software, personal monitoring devices, genetic tests and editing tools, personalized digital models, online platforms, augmented reality devices, and surgical and companion robotics. It identifies the particularities of AI systems, the opportunities and risks associated to them, as well as its social impact, considering their maturity, availability, controversy, and sustainability. From this review, the report identifies 100 relevant topics, and discusses lessons learnt in the area from the mentioned historical circumstances. In addition, the present study recognizes five key expanding areas with particular significance in terms of social impact: AI tools for mental health, AI-mediated gene editing, AI tools for epidemiology and health data monitoring, AI-mediated neuro-technologies and AI-mediated inclusion of neurodiversity, and describes them in detail considering the proposed social assessment scales. We conclude with some science for policy challenges in the field.